Sources used on koi.wiki

By the koi.wiki editorial team · Updated 10 November 2026

koi.wiki cites 427 published sources. They are grouped below by publisher, with the entries that cite each one. Breeder and dealer websites are cited only for statements attributed to them and are labeled as such.

akakoi.com.au

Australian KOI Association. akakoi.com.au/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Common questions about koi, Koi clubs and associations, Koi shows.

Alaska Department of Fish and Game

Ornamental Fish, Alaska Department of Fish and Game. adfg.alaska.gov/index.cfm?ADFG=pets.ornamentalfish. Cited in: Koi laws and regulations, Koi as an invasive species.

All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association

A-ginrin - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/a-ginrin/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Kinginrin (Ginrin).
About All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/about/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Koi clubs and associations, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA).
Ancient koi “Hanako” - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/column/25/. Cited in: Hanako, the famous old koi, Lifespan and aging, Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai.
Asagi - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/asagi/. Cited in: Asagi, Koi variety comparison table.
B-ginrin - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/b-ginrin/. Cited in: Ai Goromo, Asagi, Bekko, Benigoi and Aka Muji, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Goshiki, Hikari-mujimono, Karashigoi, Kigoi, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Koromo, Kujaku, Matsuba, Mujimono, Platinum Ogon, Soragoi, Yamabuki Ogon.
Bekko - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/bekko/. Cited in: Bekko, Koi variety comparison table.
Doitsugoi - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/doitsugoi/. Cited in: Scales and skin, Ai Goromo, Bekko, Benigoi and Aka Muji, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Karashigoi, Kigoi, Koromo, Midorigoi, Mujimono, Ochiba Shigure.
Examination criteria - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/show/examination/. Cited in: Koi grading and quality, Common questions about koi, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, How koi are judged.
Goshiki - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/goshiki/. Cited in: Asagi, Koi variety comparison table, Goshiki.
Hikari-moyo - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/hikari-moyo/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hariwake, Hikari-moyomono, Hikari-mujimono, Kikusui, Platinum Ogon, Yamabuki Ogon, Yamato Nishiki.
Hikari-muji - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/hikari-muji/. Cited in: How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Hariwake, Hikari-mujimono, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Matsuba, Platinum Ogon, Yamabuki Ogon.
Hikari-utsuri - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/hikari-utsuri/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hikari-utsurimono, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Ki Utsuri, Showa Sanshoku.
History of Nishikigoi show - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/show/history/. Cited in: All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), Koi shows, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, All Japan Young Koi Show, Show classes and size categories, International Junior Koi Show, Koi shows in Japan, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
History of the All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/about/history/. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, Common questions about koi, History of koi, The 2004 Chuetsu earthquake and the koi industry, How koi spread worldwide, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, All Japan Young Koi Show, International Junior Koi Show.
Hiutsuri and Kiutsuri - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/hiutsuri-and-kiutsuri/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hi Utsuri, Ki Utsuri, Utsurimono.
How to keep Nishikigoi - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/breeding/how-to/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Bog filters and plant filtration, Koi ponds, Winter care.
Introduction of Nishikigoi - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/. Cited in: Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
Kawarigoi - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/kawarigoi/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Koi varieties, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Goshiki, Hi Utsuri, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Kanoko, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Ki Utsuri, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kohaku, Kumonryu, Matsuba, Matsukawabake, Midorigoi, Ochiba Shigure.
Kohaku - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/kohaku/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Kohaku.
Koromo - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/koromo/. Cited in: Ai Goromo, Koi variety comparison table, Koromo, Showa Sanshoku.
Kujaku - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/kujaku/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hikari-moyomono, Kujaku.
Kumonryu - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/kumonryu/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kumonryu, Matsukawabake.
List of stores - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/store/. Cited in: Breeders, dealers and importers.
Membership list - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/about/member/. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Importing and exporting koi, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA).
Message from the President / Overview of the organization - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/about/profile/. Cited in: Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, Common questions about koi, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Koi clubs and associations, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, All Japan Young Koi Show, International Junior Koi Show, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
Muji - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/muji/. Cited in: Benigoi and Aka Muji, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Karashigoi, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Kigoi, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Matsuba, Mujimono, Soragoi.
Nishikigoi Genealogy - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/genealogy/. Cited in: Bloodlines and parent koi (oyagoi).
Q&A - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/qa/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Growth and size, Lifespan and aging, Koi auctions, Record koi prices and S Legend, Buying koi, Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai, Koi grading and quality, How much do koi cost?, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), Koi shows, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, All Japan Young Koi Show, International Junior Koi Show, Koi shows in Japan, How koi are judged, Niigata Nishikigoi Show, How koi varieties are classified.
Scene from the koi show - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/show/scene/. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Common questions about koi, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, All Japan Young Koi Show, International Junior Koi Show.
Schedule of the Nishikigoi Show - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/show/schedule/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), Koi shows, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, All Japan Young Koi Show, Koi show calendar, International Junior Koi Show, Koi shows in Japan, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
Shiroutsuri - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/shiroutsuri/. Cited in: Bekko, Matsukawabake, Shiro Utsuri, Utsurimono.
Showa-sanshoku - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/showa-sanshoku/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Showa Sanshoku.
Shusui - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/shusui/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Shusui.
Taisho-sanshoku - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/taisho-sanshoku/. Cited in: History of koi, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
Tancho - Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/type/tancho/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Goshiki, Kohaku, Kujaku, Ochiba Shigure, Tancho.
The Birth and History of Nishikigoi - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/history/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, History of koi, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, How koi varieties are classified.
The result of the Nishikigoi Show - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/show/result/. Cited in: All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, All Japan Young Koi Show, International Junior Koi Show.
Valuable reasons - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/reason/. Cited in: Spawning, How much do koi cost?, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA).
Variety - All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association. jnpa.info/en/nishikigoi/varieties/. Cited in: Scales and skin, Common questions about koi, Koi varieties, Goshiki, Tancho.

American Koi Judges Association

AKJA Classifications – American Koi Judges Association (AKJA). akjajudges.com/akja_classifications/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Show classes and size categories, Koi varieties, Butterfly koi, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Goshiki, Hikari-utsurimono, Shusui, Tancho.
American Koi Judges Association (AKJA). akjajudges.com/. Cited in: Koi clubs and associations, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, How koi are judged.
Glossary – American Koi Judges Association (AKJA). akjajudges.com/glossary/. Cited in: Scales and skin, Bloodlines and parent koi (oyagoi), Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai, Koi grading and quality, Common questions about koi, Glossary of koi terms, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Koi varieties, Ai Goromo, Asagi, Bekko, Benigoi and Aka Muji, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Goshiki, Hariwake, Hi Utsuri, Hikari-moyomono, Hikari-mujimono, Hikari-utsurimono, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Kanoko, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Ki Utsuri, Kigoi, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kikusui, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Kohaku, Koromo, Kujaku, Kumonryu, Matsuba, Matsukawabake, Midorigoi, Mujimono, Ochiba Shigure, Platinum Ogon, Shiro Utsuri, Showa Sanshoku, Shusui, Soragoi, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke), Tancho, Utsurimono, Yamabuki Ogon, Yamato Nishiki.
US Koi Show – American Koi Judges Association (AKJA). akjajudges.com/us-koi-show/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Koi shows, Koi show calendar, Koi shows in Europe, Koi shows in the USA, ZNA SoCal Koi Show.

animals.sandiegozoo.org

Koi | San Diego Zoo Animals & Plants. animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/koi. Cited in: Koi as an invasive species, Kumonryu.

Associação Brasileira de Nishikigoi

Eventos – Associação Brasileira de Nishikigoi. abn.org.br/eventos/. Cited in: Koi clubs and associations.

belgiankoishow.be

Home - Belgian ZNA Koi Show - Belgian Koi Society vzw. belgiankoishow.be/. Cited in: Koi shows in Europe.

besems.eu

Jureren tijdens de 11e All Asia Cup - Besems.eu. besems.eu/2018/04/13/jureren-tijdens-11e-all-asia-cup/. Cited in: US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), All Asia Cup Koi Show, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, Koi shows in Asia, Holland Koi Show, ZNA International Koi Show.
Jureren tijdens de 12e ALL ASIA CUP KOI SHOW - Besems.eu. besems.eu/2019/05/09/jureren-tijdens-12e-all-asia-cup-koi-show/. Cited in: Growth and size, Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai, All Asia Cup Koi Show, Show classes and size categories, ZNA International Koi Show.

bkks.co.uk

British Koi-Keepers Society (home page notice). bkks.co.uk/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi clubs and associations, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Koi shows in the UK, National Koi Show (UK).

Canadian Food Inspection Agency

Spring Viraemia of Carp - inspection.canada.ca. inspection.canada.ca/en/animal-health/aquatic-animals/diseases/repo…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Carp edema virus (koi sleepy disease), Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Notifiable koi diseases.

dailymail.co.uk

World's most expensive Koi Carp is bought for £1.4 million - £1m more than previous world record | Daily Mail Online. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6240401/Japanese-koi-fish-sells-record…. Cited in: Koi auctions, Record koi prices and S Legend, Buying koi, How much do koi cost?, Common questions about koi.

Fish TV

Beleza e tradição em destaque na 43ª Exposição Brasileira de Nishikigois. fishtv.com/noticias/geral/beleza-e-tradicao-em-destaque-na-43-expos…. Cited in: Show classes and size categories.

FishBase

Cyprinus carpio, Common carp : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish, aquarium. fishbase.se/summary/Cyprinus-carpio.html. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Taxonomy: Cyprinus rubrofuscus or Cyprinus carpio?, Spawning, Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp.
Cyprinus rubrofuscus. fishbase.se/summary/Cyprinus-rubrofuscus.html. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Taxonomy: Cyprinus rubrofuscus or Cyprinus carpio?.

Holland Koi Show

Komt u ook naar de grootste koi show ter wereld? De Holland Koi Show. hollandkoishow.nl/. Cited in: Koi show calendar, Koi shows in Europe, Holland Koi Show.

japankoi.jp

Japan Koi Shows 2026 | KOI JAPAN. japankoi.jp/en/koi-shows/2026. Cited in: Koi show calendar, Koi shows in Japan, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.

jcp.or.jp

Вn͂܁@Vznk/r͒炪ATŐ/ꖇ̂ɐ\~/x߂jVLSCYn. jcp.or.jp/akahata/aik3/2004-11-27/15_01.html. Cited in: The 2004 Chuetsu earthquake and the koi industry.

JETRO

デジタル技術を活用した日本産錦鯉の価値普及 | 地域・分析レポート - 海外ビジネス情報 - ジェトロ. jetro.go.jp/biz/areareports/2026/6c494243103c23ea.html. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Koi auctions, The koi industry and exports, Record koi prices and S Legend, Common questions about koi, How koi spread worldwide.
日本の伝統文化・美意識の象徴、錦鯉を世界へ発信 | 地域・分析レポート - 海外ビジネス情報 - ジェトロ. jetro.go.jp/biz/areareports/2025/ee7cac04ab0dfd5d.html. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi breeders and farms, The koi industry and exports, Record koi prices and S Legend, Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, Common questions about koi, How koi spread worldwide.

Kodama Koi Farm (koi dealer)

5 Benefits of Hand Feeding Your Koi Fish & Petting Tips. kodamakoifarm.com/hand-feeding-koi-benefits-petting-tips/. Cited in: Behavior, senses and intelligence, Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Autumn care.
All About Gosanke Koi Fish Varieties "The Big Three!". kodamakoifarm.com/gosanke-koi-fish/. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Koi breeders and farms, Koi auctions, Bloodlines and parent koi (oyagoi), Koi grading and quality, Common questions about koi, History of koi, Koi varieties, Asagi, Kohaku, Showa Sanshoku, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
Asagi - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/asagi/. Cited in: Asagi, Koi variety comparison table.
Bekko Archives - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/bekko/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Bekko, Soragoi.
Benefits of Salt in Koi Pond & Tips for Safely Using It!. kodamakoifarm.com/benefits-salt-koi-pond-why-should-use-it/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Dropsy, Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Gill problems, Treatments overview, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Plants for koi ponds, Pond volume and stocking calculator, Winter care.
Best Types of Plants for a Koi Pond. kodamakoifarm.com/plants-for-koi-ponds/. Cited in: Bog filters and plant filtration, Sunburn, tumors and injuries, Plants for koi ponds.
Doitsu - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/doitsu/. Cited in: Scales and skin, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Hariwake, Shiro Utsuri.
Doitsu Variety - The beauty of Scaleless Koi, Unique Koi Varieties. kodamakoifarm.com/doitsu-variety-beauty-no-scales/. Cited in: Scales and skin, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Hariwake, Karasugoi family, Yamato Nishiki.
Essential Nutrients & Supplements for Koi Growth & Color. kodamakoifarm.com/essential-nutrients-supplements-for-koi-growth-co…. Cited in: Hanako, the famous old koi, Lifespan and aging, Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Feeding koi, Color-enhancing foods.
Ginrin - Koi for Sale and History - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/ginrin/. Cited in: Scales and skin, Koi variety comparison table, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Soragoi.
Goldfish 101: Size, Lifespan, Care Guide, Facts, & Goldfish vs Koi Comparison. kodamakoifarm.com/goldfish-101/. Cited in: Koi biology, Behavior, senses and intelligence, Lifespan and aging, Male or female? Sexing koi, Common questions about koi, Koi vs goldfish.
Goshiki - Koi for Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/goshiki/. Cited in: Asagi, Goshiki, Kohaku.
HELP, Is My Koi Sick?!? Diagnose Symptoms & Fish Diseases - FREE Health Checklist. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-sick-health-diagnosis-symptoms-diseases/. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Common questions about koi, Bottom drains, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Koi health and disease, Anchor worm (Lernaea), Carp pox (CyHV-1), Chilodonella, Columnaris, Costia (Ichthyobodo), Dropsy, Fin rot, Fish lice (Argulus), Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Saprolegnia (fungus), Gill problems, White spot (Ich), Sunburn, tumors and injuries, Parasites of koi, Signs of illness, Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Swim bladder disorders, Trichodina, Aeromonas and ulcers, Water changes.
Hi Utsuri - Koi for Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/hi-utsuri/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hi Utsuri, Utsurimono.
Hirenaga - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/butterfly-hirenaga/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Breeders, dealers and importers, Butterfly koi, Koi variety comparison table.
How Can I Safely Transport My Koi Fish?. kodamakoifarm.com/how-can-i-safely-transport-koi-fish/. Cited in: Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Spring care, Winter care.
How Long Do Koi Fish Live? What is Lifespan & Growth?. kodamakoifarm.com/how-long-do-koi-fish-live/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Growth and size, Lifespan and aging, Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Feeding by water temperature, Color-enhancing foods, Koi health and disease, Signs of illness, Swim bladder disorders, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, Seasonal koi care, Autumn care, Winter care.
How Much Do Koi Fish Cost? Koi Pricing Guide for USA. kodamakoifarm.com/how-much-do-koi-fish-cost/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Record koi prices and S Legend, Buying koi, Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai, Koi grading and quality, Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, How much do koi cost?, Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Importing and exporting koi, Butterfly koi.
How to Breed Koi. kodamakoifarm.com/how-to-breed-koi/. Cited in: Koi breeding, Bloodlines and parent koi (oyagoi), Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Spawning, Common questions about koi.
How To Care For Your Koi Fish After Receiving It - Kodama Koi. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-care-after-receiving/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Buying koi, Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Color-enhancing foods, Koi food types, Koi health and disease, Quarantine, Nitrate, Water changes.
How to Get Rid of Algae in Koi Pond Naturally. kodamakoifarm.com/how-to-get-rid-of-algae-in-pond/. Cited in: Bog filters and plant filtration, Pond filtration explained, Skimmers, Test kits and monitors, Plants for koi ponds, Green water, algae and blanketweed, Nitrate, Water changes.
How to Grow Big Koi: Guide to Large Koi Growth with a Healthy Pond. kodamakoifarm.com/how-to-grow-big-koi/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi biology, Growth and size, Lifespan and aging, Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai, Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Feeding by water temperature, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Seasonal koi care, Autumn care, Spring care, Temperature.
How to Keep Your Koi Pond Cool During a Heat Wave. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-pond-during-summer-heat-wave/. Cited in: Behavior, senses and intelligence, Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Aeration and air pumps, Pumps, Skimmers, Test kits and monitors, Feeding by water temperature, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Seasonal koi care, Summer care, Water quality, Chlorine and chloramine, Dissolved oxygen, Temperature, Water changes.
How to Pick the Right Pond Water Conditioner. kodamakoifarm.com/how-to-pick-pond-water-conditioner/. Cited in: Biological filter media, Color-enhancing foods, Seasonal koi care, Chlorine and chloramine.
How to Select Koi - Which are Best to Choose for My Pond?. kodamakoifarm.com/how-to-select-koi-for-pond/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Buying koi, Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi.
Importance of Dissolved Oxygen for Koi Health. kodamakoifarm.com/dissolved-oxygen-koi-health/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Aeration and air pumps, Pumps, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Dissolved oxygen, Temperature.
Kawarimono Archives - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/kawarimono/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Kawarimono, Mujimono, Ochiba Shigure, Soragoi.
Kikokuryu - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/kikokuryu/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Karasugoi family, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kumonryu.
Kin Kikokuryu: The sensational new variety. kodamakoifarm.com/sensational-variety-kin-kikokuryu/. Cited in: Koi breeding, Niigata Nishikigoi Show, Karasugoi family, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kumonryu.
Kodama Koi Food - For Both Champions and Hobbyists!. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-food/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Color-enhancing foods, Koi food types.
Kohaku - Koi for Sale and History - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/kohaku/. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Record koi prices and S Legend, Bloodlines and parent koi (oyagoi), Kohaku.
Koi Anatomy Explained (+ Free Labeled Anatomy Diagram). kodamakoifarm.com/koi-anatomy/. Cited in: Koi biology, Koi anatomy, Common questions about koi, Koi vs goldfish, Dropsy, Fin rot, Swim bladder disorders.
Koi Fish Tattoo Meaning, Design Ideas, and Image Gallery. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-fish-tattoo/. Cited in: Koi in art and tattoos, Koi in culture and symbolism.
Koi Fish Weight, Calculator, & In-Depth Guide to Growth Factors. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-fish-weight-guide/. Cited in: Growth and size, Pond design: size, depth and volume.
Koi Herpes Virus (KHV): In-depth Exploration of the Deadly Virus to Prevent & Manage. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-herpes-virus-khv-disease-guide/. Cited in: Buying koi, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Koi herpesvirus (KHV), Importing and exporting koi.
Koi in Art & Literature: Dive into Their Enduring Presence. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-in-art-literature/. Cited in: Koi in art and tattoos, Koinobori and Children's Day, Koi in culture and symbolism, Chagoi.
Koi Patterns and Markings: A Guide to Their Meaning, Types, and Selection. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-patterns-and-markings/. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Koi grading and quality, Color-enhancing foods, Ai Goromo, Ki Utsuri, Kohaku, Shiro Utsuri, Utsurimono.
Koi Pond in Winter: Best Tips for Winter Koi Pond Preparation. kodamakoifarm.com/winter-koi-pond-preparation-survival/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Aeration and air pumps, Heaters and heat exchangers, Feeding by water temperature, Parasites of koi, Koi ponds, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, Seasonal koi care, Autumn care, Spring care, Winter care.
Koi Quarantine Tank Setup & Procedures. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-quarantine-tank-setup-procedure/. Cited in: Buying koi, Breeders, dealers and importers, Test kits and monitors, Dropsy, Quarantine.
Koi Theft: Tips to Protect Your Pond from Thieves & Predators. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-theft-protect-your-pond/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Predators of koi.
Koi vs Carp: Difference Between Koi and Carp. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-vs-carp/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Koi in art and tattoos, Feeding koi, Pond design: size, depth and volume.
Koromo - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/koromo/. Cited in: Ai Goromo, Kohaku, Koromo.
Kujyaku - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/kujyaku/. Cited in: Hikari-moyomono, Kujaku.
Male vs Female Koi Fish: How to Identify Gender and Koi Sexing Tips. kodamakoifarm.com/male-koi-vs-female-koi-fish/. Cited in: Male or female? Sexing koi, Koi breeding, Spawning, Show classes and size categories.
Ogon - Koi For Sale and History - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/ogon/. Cited in: Hikari-mujimono, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Platinum Ogon, Yamabuki Ogon.
Old Pond Syndrome: Why Your Koi May Appear to Die Randomly & Potential Solutions. kodamakoifarm.com/old-pond-syndrome-koi-death-random/. Cited in: The nitrogen cycle, Water changes.
Ozone vs. UV for Koi Ponds: Which Is Better?. kodamakoifarm.com/ozone-vs-uv-for-koi-ponds/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Biological filter media, Bog filters and plant filtration, Pond filtration explained, UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Koi ponds, Green water, algae and blanketweed.
Platinum - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/platinum/. Cited in: Hikari-mujimono, Platinum Ogon.
Pond Water Quality Management and Testing for Healthy Koi. kodamakoifarm.com/pond-water-quality-management-testing/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Test kits and monitors, Spring care, Water quality, Green water, algae and blanketweed, Nitrate, Water changes.
Preparing for Koi Competition and Tips for Winning Koi Shows. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-show-competition-tips-preparation/. Cited in: Buying koi, Show classes and size categories, How koi are judged, Koi varieties, How koi varieties are classified, Goshiki, Tancho.
Safely Managing Japan KHV Outbreak with New Processes and Technology at the Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/managing-japan-khv-outbreak/. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Buying koi, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Koi herpesvirus (KHV), Quarantine.
Shiro Utsuri - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/shiro-utsuri/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Shiro Utsuri, Utsurimono.
Showa - Koi for Sale and History - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/showa/. Cited in: Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Showa Sanshoku, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
Shusui - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/shusui/. Cited in: Asagi, Koi variety comparison table, Midorigoi, Shusui.
Taisho Sanke - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/taisho-sanke/. Cited in: Kohaku, Showa Sanshoku, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
Tancho - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/tancho/. Cited in: Kohaku, Tancho.
The History of Carp: From Ancient Civilizations to Modern Carp Farming. kodamakoifarm.com/history-of-carp-ancient-civilizations-modern-carp…. Cited in: Koi vs common carp and wild carp.
The Koi Dragon Legend: The Myth of the Dragon Gate. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-dragon-legend/. Cited in: Koi in art and tattoos, Koinobori and Children's Day, Koi in culture and symbolism, Koi variety comparison table, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kumonryu.
Understanding and Tips for Improving the Nitrogen Cycle in your Koi Pond. kodamakoifarm.com/tips-nitrogen-cycle-koi-pond/. Cited in: Green water, algae and blanketweed, Nitrate, The nitrogen cycle.
Understanding Koi Behavior: Can Koi Recognize Their Owners, Hear, See Color, Sleep, and More. kodamakoifarm.com/understanding-koi-behavior/. Cited in: Koi biology, Koi anatomy, Behavior, senses and intelligence, Common questions about koi, Signs of illness.
Utsurimono - Koi For Sale - Kodama Koi Farm. kodamakoifarm.com/variety/utsurimono/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hi Utsuri, Hikari-utsurimono, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Ki Utsuri, Shiro Utsuri, Utsurimono.
What is a Nishikigoi? - Koi Fish History Explained and Meaning. kodamakoifarm.com/what-is-nishikigoi-history-meaning/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Color and pigment genetics, Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Koi in culture and symbolism, Color-enhancing foods, History of koi, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, How koi are judged.
What is Koi Sleeping Disease? KSS, KSD, Carp Edema Virus (CEV) Symptoms & Treatment. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-sleeping-disease/. Cited in: Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai, Carp edema virus (koi sleepy disease), Gill problems, Seasonal koi care.
When Should You Call a Koi Veterinarian? A Koi Owner's Guide to Professional Fish Care. kodamakoifarm.com/fish-veterinarian/. Cited in: Test kits and monitors, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Sunburn, tumors and injuries.
Which Koi is the Rarest: How Can I Judge Superiority?. kodamakoifarm.com/rarest-koi-fish/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Record koi prices and S Legend, Koi grading and quality, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kumonryu, Tancho.
Why Koi Gills Are Vital for Koi Health. kodamakoifarm.com/koi-gills-health/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Test kits and monitors, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Gill problems, Signs of illness, Water changes.

Koi Judges UK

Friendship award SAKKS NATIONAL. – Koi Judges UK | The former BKKS JSC. koijudges.uk/friendship-award-sakks-national/. Cited in: UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK.
Happy New Year – 2026. – Koi Judges UK | The former BKKS JSC. koijudges.uk/happy-new-year-2026/. Cited in: UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Great British Koi Show, Koi shows in the UK, National Koi Show (UK).
Koi Judges UK | The former BKKS JSC. koijudges.uk/. Cited in: Koi clubs and associations, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, National Koi Show (UK).
Koi Shows – Koi Judges UK | The former BKKS JSC. koijudges.uk/koi-shows/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Koi shows, Koi show calendar, Koi shows in Europe, Great British Koi Show, Holland Koi Show, Koi shows in the UK, National Koi Show (UK).
S Legend – Koi Judges UK | The former BKKS JSC. koijudges.uk/s-legend/. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Koi auctions, Record koi prices and S Legend, Common questions about koi, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK.

koi-hv.de

Koi Messen. Shows & Ausstellungen. koi-hv.de/koi-messen-shows--ausstellungen/. Cited in: Koi shows in Europe.

koiclubofsandiego.org

Koi Club of San Diego - Schedule of Events 2026. koiclubofsandiego.org/Schedule6. Cited in: Koi auctions, Koi shows in the USA.

koiclubwa.com

Koi Society of Western Australia. koiclubwa.com/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Common questions about koi.

koinet.co.uk

The Great British Koi Show 2022 (Koi Net, issue 63). koinet.co.uk/koi-net/issue-63/files/basic-html/page10.html. Cited in: UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Great British Koi Show, Koi shows in the UK.
Yorkshire Section Koi Club (Koi Net, issue 63). koinet.co.uk/koi-net/issue-63/files/basic-html/page90.html. Cited in: UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Great British Koi Show, Koi shows in the UK, National Koi Show (UK).

Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife

Fish and Wildlife in Captivity: Fish & Wildlife: Maine Dept of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife. maine.gov/ifw/fish-wildlife/captivity/. Cited in: Koi laws and regulations, Koi as an invasive species.

mantifang.com

The first Holland Koi show - number 1 best - Mantifang. mantifang.com/en/the-first-holland-koi-show/. Cited in: UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Koi shows in Europe, Holland Koi Show.

midlandkoi.co.uk

The Great British Koi Show 2025 (Midland Koi Association events listing). midlandkoi.co.uk/event/the-great-british-koi-show-2024/. Cited in: Great British Koi Show, Koi shows in the UK.
The Great British Koi Show 2026 - Midland Koi Association. midlandkoi.co.uk/event/the-great-british-koi-show-2026/. Cited in: Koi show calendar, Great British Koi Show, Koi shows in the UK.

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan)

2025 agricultural, forestry and fishery export results (MAFF, Feb 2026). maff.go.jp/j/press/yusyutu_kokusai/kikaku/attach/pdf/260203-1.pdf. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, How koi spread worldwide.
Inland water fisheries information no. 47 (Fisheries Agency of Japan). jfa.maff.go.jp/j/enoki/attach/pdf/naisuimeninfo-47.pdf. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, Importing and exporting koi, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show.
JAS 0020 enactment notice, 2022 (MAFF). maff.go.jp/j/jas/jas_kikaku/attach/pdf/kokujikaisei-50.pdf. Cited in: Common questions about koi, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi).
JAS 0020 revision notice, 2026 (MAFF). maff.go.jp/j/jas/jas_kikaku/attach/pdf/kokujikaisei-733.pdf. Cited in: Common questions about koi, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Kawarimono, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Ochiba Shigure.
特集「年々、人気上昇中！錦鯉の魅力」：農林水産省. maff.go.jp/j/pr/aff/2308/spe1_03.html. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, Common questions about koi, Importing and exporting koi, How koi varieties are classified.

2026 SA National Koi Show: Durban North dates, times, and entry | Minurphy Tarpaulin. minurphy.co.za/blog/sa-national-koi-show-2026-durban. Cited in: Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi show calendar, How koi are judged.

National Koi Show

Rules & Constitutions | The National Koi Show. nationalkoishow.co.uk/rules-and-constitutions/. Cited in: UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Koi show calendar, National Koi Show (UK).
The National Koi Show | Where the UK's Finest Koi Compete. nationalkoishow.co.uk/. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Koi shows in the UK, National Koi Show (UK).

New Zealand Department of Conservation

Nature: New Zealand Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawhai. doc.govt.nz/nature/pests-and-threats/animal-pests/koi-carp/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi laws and regulations, Koi as an invasive species.

Nishikigoi Vereniging Nederland

Holland Koi Show verhuist naar Appeltern! – NVN. nvn-koi.nl/holland-koi-show-verhuist-naar-appeltern/. Cited in: Koi shows in Europe, Holland Koi Show.
NVN – Nishikigoi Vereniging Nederland. nvn-koi.nl/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Chilodonella, Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Koi clubs and associations, Koi shows in Europe, Holland Koi Show.

nmzna.net

Koi classification (ZNA 2021), NMZNA 2026 show documents. nmzna.net/2026%20Show%20Docs/NMZNA%202026%20Koi%20Classification%20…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Glossary of koi terms, Show classes and size categories, Koi shows in Europe, Koi shows in Japan, ZNA International Koi Show, Koi varieties, Ai Goromo, Asagi, Bekko, Benigoi and Aka Muji, Butterfly koi, Chagoi, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Ghost koi, Goshiki, Hariwake, Hi Utsuri, Hikari-moyomono, Hikari-mujimono, Hikari-utsurimono, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Kanoko, Karashigoi, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Ki Utsuri, Kigoi, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kikusui, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Kohaku, Koromo, Kujaku, Kumonryu, Matsuba, Matsukawabake, Midorigoi, Mujimono, Ochiba Shigure, Platinum Ogon, Shiro Utsuri, Showa Sanshoku, Shusui, Soragoi, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke), Tancho, Utsurimono, Yamabuki Ogon, Yamato Nishiki.
NMZNA Home. nmzna.net. Cited in: Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows in Japan, Koi shows in the USA, ZNA International Koi Show.

Ojiya City

第65回新潟県錦鯉品評会が開催されました（11月8日・9日） - 小千谷市ホームページ. city.ojiya.niigata.jp/soshiki/kikakuseisaku/nishikigoi202511.html. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Koi shows in Japan, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
錦鯉の里 - 小千谷市ホームページ. city.ojiya.niigata.jp/site/kanko/nishikigoinosato.html. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Common questions about koi, History of koi, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.

Ojiya Nishikigoi no Sato

小千谷市錦鯉の里-つちかわれた伝統と地場産業を明日へ伝える総合産業会館サンプラザ. nishikigoinosato.jp/appreciation.html. Cited in: Behavior, senses and intelligence, Common questions about koi, Koi in culture and symbolism, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Ai Goromo, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Karashigoi, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Kujaku, Tancho, Yamabuki Ogon.

rafu.com

50th Annual Koi Show This Weekend in Gardena - Rafu Shimpo. rafu.com/2026/03/50th-annual-koi-show-this-weekend-in-gardena/. Cited in: Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows in the USA, ZNA SoCal Koi Show.

RSPB

Grey Heron Bird Facts | Ardea Cinerea. rspb.org.uk/birds-and-wildlife/grey-heron. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Herons.

Shinkokai USA (JNPA)

History of Nishikigoi show - Shinkokai USA Official Website. shinkokaiusa.com/history-of-nishikigoi-show. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, All Japan Young Koi Show, International Junior Koi Show, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
How to keep Nishikigoi - Shinkokai USA Official Website. shinkokaiusa.com/how-to-keep-nishikigoi. Cited in: Koi shows, Koi shows in the USA.
Introduction of Nishikigoi - Shinkokai USA Official Website. shinkokaiusa.com/introduction-of-nishikigoi. Cited in: Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
Koi Shows - Shinkokai USA Official Website. shinkokaiusa.com/koi-shows. Cited in: All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, Koi shows, Koi shows in the USA.
Nishikigoi Genealogy - Shinkokai USA Official Website. shinkokaiusa.com/nishikigoi-genealogy. Cited in: Bloodlines and parent koi (oyagoi), Koi shows, Koi shows in the USA.
Variety - Shinkokai USA Official Website. shinkokaiusa.com/variety. Cited in: Scales and skin, Koi varieties, Goshiki, Kujaku, Shusui, Tancho.

South African Koi Keepers Society

SAKKS – National – South African Koi Keepers Society. sakks.co.za/. Cited in: Koi clubs and associations, Koi shows, Koi shows in Japan, ZNA International Koi Show.

Southern Regional Aquaculture Center

SRAC Publication No. 103: Calculating Area and Volume of Ponds and Tanks. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/103%20Calculating%20Area%20Volu…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Bottom drains, Koi ponds, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Pond volume and stocking calculator.
SRAC Publication No. 360: Aquatic Weed Management: Control Methods. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/360%20Aquatic%20Weed%20Manageme…. Cited in: Plants for koi ponds, Green water, algae and blanketweed.
SRAC Publication No. 3700: Pond Aeration. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/3700%20Pond%20Aeration.pdf. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Aeration and air pumps, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Pumps, Summer care, Dissolved oxygen.
SRAC Publication No. 3903: Shipping Fish in Boxes. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/3903%20Shipping%20Fish%20in%20B…. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Koi laws and regulations, Importing and exporting koi, Ammonia, Dissolved oxygen, pH, Temperature.
SRAC Publication No. 390: Transportation of Warmwater Fish: Equipment and Guidelines. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/390%20Transportation%20of%20War…. Cited in: Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Common questions about koi, Aeration and air pumps, Bottom drains, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Pumps, Koi laws and regulations.
SRAC Publication No. 392: Transportation of Warmwater Fish: Procedures and Loading Rates. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/392%20Transportation%20of%20War…. Cited in: Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Ammonia, Temperature.
SRAC Publication No. 400: Avian Predators at Aquaculture Facilities in the Southern United States. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/400%20Avian%20Predators%20at%20…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Predators of koi, Herons, Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes.
SRAC Publication No. 401: Controlling Bird Predation at Aquaculture Facilities: Frightening Techniques. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/401%20Controlling%20Bird%20Pred…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Predators of koi, Herons.
SRAC Publication No. 4100: Liming Ponds for Aquaculture. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4100%20Lining%20Ponds%20for%20A…. Cited in: pH.
SRAC Publication No. 410: Calculating Treatments for Ponds and Tanks. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/410%20Calculating%20Treatments%…. Cited in: Chilodonella, Treatments overview, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Pond volume and stocking calculator.
SRAC Publication No. 435: Water Gardens. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/435%20Water%20Gardens.pdf. Cited in: Growth and size, Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Biological filter media, Bog filters and plant filtration, Bottom drains, Pumps, Skimmers, Test kits and monitors, Koi ponds, Pond construction methods, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Pond liners, Plants for koi ponds, Pond plumbing: gravity-fed and pump-fed systems, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, Summer care, Water quality, Chlorine and chloramine.
SRAC Publication No. 4502: How to Start a Biofilter. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4502%20How%20to%20Start%20a%20B…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Bead filters, Biological filter media, Pond filtration explained, Moving bed filters, Test kits and monitors, The nitrogen cycle.
SRAC Publication No. 451: Recirculating Aquaculture Tank Production Systems: An Overview. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/451%20Recirculating%20Aquacultu…. Cited in: Growth and size, Aeration and air pumps, Bead filters, Biological filter media, Drum filters, Pond filtration explained, Moving bed filters, Vortex, sieve and settlement chambers, Water quality, Ammonia, Nitrite, The nitrogen cycle.
SRAC Publication No. 452: Recirculating Aquaculture Tank Production Systems: Management. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/452%20Recirculating%20Aquacultu…. Cited in: Aeration and air pumps, Feeding by water temperature, Treatments overview, Trichodina, Water quality, Ammonia, Dissolved oxygen, Nitrate, Nitrite, pH, Water changes.
SRAC Publication No. 453: Recirculating Aquaculture Tank Production Systems: A Review of Current Design Practice. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/453%20Recirculating%20Aquacultu…. Cited in: Koi pond equipment, Aeration and air pumps, Bead filters, Biological filter media, Bottom drains, Drum filters, Pond filtration explained, Heaters and heat exchangers, Moving bed filters, Pumps, UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Vortex, sieve and settlement chambers, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Pond plumbing: gravity-fed and pump-fed systems.
SRAC Publication No. 4601: Measuring Dissolved Oxygen Concentration in Aquaculture. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4601%20Measuring%20Dissolved%20…. Cited in: Test kits and monitors, Dissolved oxygen.
SRAC Publication No. 4603: Managing Ammonia in Fish Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4603%20Managing%20Ammonia%20in%…. Cited in: Summer care, Ammonia.
SRAC Publication No. 4604: Managing High pH in Freshwater Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4604%20Managing%20High%20pH%20i…. Cited in: pH.
SRAC Publication No. 4606: Interpretation of Water Analysis Reports for Fish Culture. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4606%20Interpretation%20of%20Wa…. Cited in: Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Test kits and monitors, Water quality, Green water, algae and blanketweed, Ammonia, KH (alkalinity) and baking soda, Nitrate, Nitrite, pH, Water-quality reference ranges.
SRAC Publication No. 462: Nitrite in Fish Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/462%20Nitrite%20in%20Fish%20Pon…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Water quality, Nitrite, Water-quality reference ranges.
SRAC Publication No. 463: Ammonia in Fish Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/463%20Ammonia%20in%20Fish%20Pon…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Water quality, Ammonia.
SRAC Publication No. 464: Interactions of pH, Carbon Dioxide, Alkalinity and Hardness in Fish Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/464%20Interactions%20of%20pH%2C…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Water quality, Ammonia, Dissolved oxygen, KH (alkalinity) and baking soda, pH, Water-quality reference ranges.
SRAC Publication No. 466: Algae Blooms in Commercial Fish Production Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/466%20Algae%20Blooms%20in%20Com…. Cited in: Green water, algae and blanketweed.
SRAC Publication No. 468: Carbon Dioxide in Fish Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/468%20Carbon%20Dioxide%20in%20F…. Cited in: Summer care, Dissolved oxygen, pH.
SRAC Publication No. 4701: Protozoan Parasites. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4701%20Protozoan%20Parasites.pdf. Cited in: Chilodonella, Costia (Ichthyobodo), Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Dropsy, Parasites of koi, Trichodina, Aeromonas and ulcers.
SRAC Publication No. 4703: Disease Prevention on Fish Farms. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4703%20Disease%20Prevention%20o…. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Bottom drains, Koi health and disease.
SRAC Publication No. 4707: Biosecurity in Aquaculture, Part 1: An Overview. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4707%20Biosecurity%20in%20Aquac…. Cited in: UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Costia (Ichthyobodo), Saprolegnia (fungus), Quarantine, Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Aeromonas and ulcers, Chlorine and chloramine.
SRAC Publication No. 4710: Herpesviruses in Fish. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4710%20Herpesviruses%20in%20Fis…. Cited in: Carp pox (CyHV-1), Carp edema virus (koi sleepy disease), Gill problems, Koi herpesvirus (KHV).
SRAC Publication No. 4712: Biosecurity in Aquaculture, Part 3: Ponds. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/4712%20Biosecurity%20in%20Aquac…. Cited in: Koi pond equipment, Columnaris, Gill problems, Quarantine, Trichodina, Aeromonas and ulcers, Importing and exporting koi, Pond construction methods, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, Predators of koi, Water quality.
SRAC Publication No. 472: Investigating a Fish Die-Off and Submitting a Sample. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/472%20Investigating%20a%20Fish%…. Cited in: Test kits and monitors, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Signs of illness, Treatments overview, Water quality, Ammonia.
SRAC Publication No. 474: The Role of Stress in Fish Disease. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/474%20The%20Role%20of%20Stress%…. Cited in: Koi grading and quality, Common questions about koi, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Koi health and disease, Saprolegnia (fungus), Temperature.
SRAC Publication No. 475: Proliferative Gill Disease. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/475%20Proliferative%20Gill%20Di…. Cited in: Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Gill problems.
SRAC Publication No. 476: Ich (White Spot Disease). srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/476%20Ich%20(White%20Spot%20Dis…. Cited in: White spot (Ich), Treatments overview.
SRAC Publication No. 478: Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) in Fish. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/478%20Motile%20Aeromonas%20Sept…. Cited in: Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Koi health and disease, Dropsy, Fin rot, Saprolegnia (fungus), Aeromonas and ulcers.
SRAC Publication No. 479b: Columnaris Disease. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/479b%20Columnaris%20Disease-%20…. Cited in: Columnaris, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Gill problems.
SRAC Publication No. 5003: Principles of Fish Nutrition. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/5003%20Principles%20of%20Fish%2…. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Growth and size, Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Feeding by water temperature, Koi food types.
SRAC Publication No. 7201: Species Profile: Koi and Goldfish. srac.msstate.edu/pdfs/Fact%20Sheets/7201%20Species%20Profile-%20Koi…. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi biology, Growth and size, Lifespan and aging, Male or female? Sexing koi, Koi breeding, Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Spawning, How much do koi cost?, Common questions about koi, Koi vs goldfish, Feeding by water temperature, Anchor worm (Lernaea), Chilodonella, Fish lice (Argulus), Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Aeromonas and ulcers, Notifiable koi diseases, Spring care, Temperature.

Sydney Koi Show

49th Sydney Koi Show 2026 results (Sydney Koi Show). sydneykoishow.com/admin/photoresultsnew.toy?eid=206700. Cited in: Koi breeders and farms, Koi clubs and associations, Koi shows in Asia, Asagi, Bekko, Goshiki, Hikari-mujimono, Shusui, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke), Tancho, Yamabuki Ogon.

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension

Ornamental Fish Ponds and Water Gardens in Texas (Texas A&M AgriLife Extension). extension.rwfm.tamu.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2013/09/Ornament…. Cited in: Growth and size, Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Koi pond equipment, Aeration and air pumps, Biological filter media, Bog filters and plant filtration, Bottom drains, Pond filtration explained, Pumps, Skimmers, UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Vortex, sieve and settlement chambers, Feeding by water temperature, Koi food types, Koi health and disease, Koi ponds, Pond construction methods, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Pond liners, Plants for koi ponds, Pond plumbing: gravity-fed and pump-fed systems, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, Pond volume and stocking calculator, Predators of koi, Herons, Autumn care, Winter care, Chlorine and chloramine, Dissolved oxygen.

thingsasian.com

Asia's love of koi (AFP, May 2008). thingsasian.com/node/2605.html. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, How much do koi cost?, Common questions about koi, Koi in art and tattoos, All Asia Cup Koi Show, Koi shows in Asia, How koi are judged.

UK Government

Importing or moving live fish and shellfish - GOV.UK. gov.uk/guidance/importing-or-moving-live-fish-and-shellfish. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Breeders, dealers and importers, Common questions about koi, Koi laws and regulations, Importing and exporting koi, Koi shows in the UK.
Koi Herpesvirus (KHV) - GOV.UK. gov.uk/government/publications/koi-herpesvirus-khv/koi-herpesvirus-…. Cited in: Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, Common questions about koi, Koi herpesvirus (KHV), How koi spread worldwide, Koi laws and regulations, Importing and exporting koi, Notifiable koi diseases, Seasonal koi care, Spring care, Summer care, Ghost koi.
Outbreaks of Koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease in 2026 - GOV.UK. gov.uk/government/news/outbreaks-of-koi-herpesvirus-khv-disease-in-…. Cited in: Koi herpesvirus (KHV), Notifiable koi diseases.

University of Florida IFAS Extension (EDIS)

UF/IFAS EDIS FA002: Dissolved Oxygen for Fish Production. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA002. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Aeration and air pumps, Test kits and monitors, Gill problems, Summer care, Water quality, Dissolved oxygen, Water-quality reference ranges.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA004: Introduction to Fish Health Management. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA004. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Test kits and monitors, Koi health and disease, Dropsy, Fin rot, Saprolegnia (fungus), Parasites of koi, Quarantine, Signs of illness, Water quality.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA005: Stress—Its Role in Fish Disease. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA005. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Koi health and disease, Signs of illness, Nitrate, Temperature.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA006: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (White Spot) Infections in Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA006. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, White spot (Ich), Parasites of koi, Quarantine, Signs of illness, Treatments overview, Spring care.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA008: Use of Copper in Freshwater Aquaculture and Farm Ponds. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA008. Cited in: White spot (Ich), Summer care.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA013: Fish Fingerlings: Purchasing, Transporting, and Stocking. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA013. Cited in: Buying koi, Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Breeders, dealers and importers.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA021: The Role of Aeration in Pond Management. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA021. Cited in: Aeration and air pumps.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA028: The Use of Lime in Fish Ponds. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA028. Cited in: Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), pH.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA031: Ammonia in Aquatic Systems. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA031. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Biological filter media, Pond filtration explained, Test kits and monitors, Water quality, Ammonia, Nitrate, Nitrite, The nitrogen cycle, Water-quality reference ranges, Water changes.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA033: Monogenean Parasites of Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA033. Cited in: Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Parasites of koi, Treatments overview.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA055: Submission of Fish for Diagnostic Evaluation. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA055. Cited in: Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Test kits and monitors, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Fin rot, Swim bladder disorders, Water quality, Ammonia, Nitrite.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA057: Streptococcal Infections of Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA057. Cited in: Dropsy.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA084: Use of Antibiotics in Ornamental Fish Aquaculture. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA084. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Biological filter media, Koi health and disease, Columnaris, Treatments overview, Aeromonas and ulcers.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA096: Fish Nutrition. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA096. Cited in: Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Color-enhancing foods, Koi food types, Gill problems.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA099: Fish Health Management Considerations in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems—Part 1. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA099. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Koi health and disease, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Quarantine, Water quality.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA100: Fish Health Management Considerations in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems—Part 2: Pathogens. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA100. Cited in: UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Columnaris, Costia (Ichthyobodo), Fish lice (Argulus), White spot (Ich), Parasites of koi, Treatments overview, Trichodina, Aeromonas and ulcers.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA101: Fish Health Management Considerations in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems—Part 3. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA101. Cited in: Pumps, Koi health and disease, Quarantine, Pond plumbing: gravity-fed and pump-fed systems, Nitrite.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA106: A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Oxygen and Temperature. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA106. Cited in: Heaters and heat exchangers, Feeding by water temperature, Seasonal koi care, Autumn care, Summer care, Temperature.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA107: Common Freshwater Fish Parasites Pictorial Guide: Sessile Ciliates. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA107. Cited in: Parasites of koi.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA108: Common Freshwater Fish Parasites Pictorial Guide: Motile Ciliates. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA108. Cited in: Chilodonella, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Parasites of koi, Trichodina.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA109: Common Freshwater Fish Parasites Pictorial Guide: Flagellates. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA109. Cited in: Costia (Ichthyobodo), Parasites of koi.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA111: Common Freshwater Fish Parasites Pictorial Guide: Monogeneans. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA111. Cited in: Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Parasites of koi.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA114: Common Freshwater Fish Parasites Pictorial Guide: Acanthocephalans, Cestodes, Leeches, & Pentastomes. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA114. Cited in: Parasites of koi.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA115: Common Freshwater Fish Parasites Pictorial Guide: Crustaceans. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA115. Cited in: Anchor worm (Lernaea), Fish lice (Argulus), Parasites of koi.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA117: Harvesting Ornamental Fish From Ponds. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA117. Cited in: Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA118: Grading Ornamental Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA118. Cited in: Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Koi grading and quality.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA119: On-Farm Transport of Ornamental Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA119. Cited in: Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Water quality, Ammonia, Chlorine and chloramine, Dissolved oxygen, pH, Temperature.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA120: Preparation of Ornamental Fish for Shipping. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA120. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Chilodonella, Parasites of koi, Treatments overview, Trichodina, Aeromonas and ulcers, Importing and exporting koi.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA124: The Ornamental Fish Trade. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA124. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, How koi spread worldwide, Koi laws and regulations, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, Koi shows in Asia.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA157: Use of Hydrogen Peroxide in Finfish Aquaculture. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA157. Cited in: Columnaris, Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Saprolegnia (fungus), Treatments overview, Pond volume and stocking calculator.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA159: Interpreting a Fish Food Package Label. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA159. Cited in: Koi food types.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA171: Chlorine—Friend or Foe?. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA171. Cited in: Aeration and air pumps, Chlorine and chloramine.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA173: Anatomy of a Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA173. Cited in: Koi biology.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA181: Lymphocystis Disease in Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA181. Cited in: Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Shipping, bagging and acclimation, Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, White spot (Ich), Sunburn, tumors and injuries.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA184: Argulus (Fish Louse) Infections in Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA184. Cited in: Anchor worm (Lernaea), Fish lice (Argulus), Saprolegnia (fungus), Signs of illness, Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Treatments overview, Aeromonas and ulcers.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA185: Lernaea (Anchorworm) Infestations in Fish. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA185. Cited in: Anchor worm (Lernaea), Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Treatments overview.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA192: How Ornamental Fishes Get Their Color. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA192. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Color-enhancing foods.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA195: Preventing Escape of Non-Native Species from Aquaculture Facilities in Florida, Part 1. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA195. Cited in: Koi laws and regulations, Koi as an invasive species.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA229: Common Aquatic Birds Using Florida Lakes. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA229. Cited in: Herons.
UF/IFAS EDIS FA251: Freshwater Ornamental Aquatic Plant Production in Florida. ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FA251. Cited in: Koi laws and regulations, Plants for koi ponds.
UF/IFAS EDIS VM106: Spring Viremia of Carp Virus (SVCv). ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/VM106. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi health and disease, Dropsy, Fish lice (Argulus), Parasites of koi, Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Aeromonas and ulcers, Importing and exporting koi, Notifiable koi diseases, Spring care, Temperature.
UF/IFAS EDIS VM113: Koi Herpesvirus Disease (KHVD). ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/VM113. Cited in: Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, Common questions about koi, Koi vs goldfish, Koi health and disease, Carp pox (CyHV-1), Carp edema virus (koi sleepy disease), Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Dropsy, Gill problems, Koi herpesvirus (KHV), Quarantine, Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Swim bladder disorders, Koi laws and regulations, Importing and exporting koi, Notifiable koi diseases, Seasonal koi care.

US Environmental Protection Agency

Chloramines in Drinking Water | US EPA. epa.gov/dwreginfo/chloramines-drinking-water. Cited in: Chlorine and chloramine.

US Geological Survey

Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) - Species Profile. nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=4. Cited in: Spawning, Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Carp pox (CyHV-1), Koi laws and regulations.
Goldfish (Carassius auratus) - Species Profile. nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=508. Cited in: Lifespan and aging, Koi vs goldfish.

Victorian Fisheries Authority

Noxious Aquatic Species in Victoria (Victorian Fisheries Authority). vfa.vic.gov.au/operational-policy/pests-and-diseases/noxious-aquati…. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Koi laws and regulations.

Vocabulary (MAFF) — Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan)

JAS 0020 Nishikigoi. maff.go.jp/j/jas/jas_standard/attach/pdf/index-536.pdf. Cited in: Taxonomy: Cyprinus rubrofuscus or Cyprinus carpio?, Common questions about koi, Glossary of koi terms, Koi varieties, Ai Goromo, Asagi, Bekko, Benigoi and Aka Muji, Butterfly koi, Chagoi, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Ghost koi, Goshiki, Hariwake, Hi Utsuri, Hikari-moyomono, Hikari-mujimono, Hikari-utsurimono, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Kanoko, Karashigoi, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Ki Utsuri, Kigoi, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kikusui, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Kohaku, Koromo, Kujaku, Kumonryu, Midorigoi, Mujimono, Ochiba Shigure, Platinum Ogon, Shiro Utsuri, Showa Sanshoku, Shusui, Soragoi, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke), Tancho, Utsurimono, Yamabuki Ogon, Yamato Nishiki.

web.archive.org

AKCA.org – Associated Koi Clubs of America | Koi clubs promoting the hobby of keeping, breeding and appreciating Japanese Nishikigoi, koi. web.archive.org/web/20210423075352/http://www.akca.org/. Cited in: US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters.

Wikipedia

2004 Chūetsu earthquake (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Chūetsu_earthquake. Cited in: The 2004 Chuetsu earthquake and the koi industry, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
Aeromonas hydrophila (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_hydrophila. Cited in: Fin rot, Aeromonas and ulcers.
Aeromonas salmonicida (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_salmonicida. Cited in: Fin rot, Aeromonas and ulcers, Dissolved oxygen.
Air pump (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pump. Cited in: Aeration and air pumps, Pumps.
Airstone (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airstone. Cited in: Aeration and air pumps.
Algal bloom (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_bloom. Cited in: Seasonal koi care, Summer care, Green water, algae and blanketweed.
Alkalinity (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalinity. Cited in: KH (alkalinity) and baking soda.
American mink (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_mink. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Predators of koi, Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes, Seasonal koi care.
Ammonia (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia. Cited in: Ammonia.
Aquaculture (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaculture. Cited in: Handling gear: nets, bowls, socks and microscopes, Koi laws and regulations.
Aquarium filter (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarium_filter. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Biological filter media, Pond filtration explained, Moving bed filters, Pumps, UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Pond plumbing: gravity-fed and pump-fed systems, Nitrate, The nitrogen cycle, Water changes.
Aquarium heater (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarium_heater. Cited in: Heaters and heat exchangers.
Aquatic plant (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_plant. Cited in: Koi as an invasive species, Plants for koi ponds.
Argulus (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argulus. Cited in: Fish lice (Argulus).
Astaxanthin (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astaxanthin. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Color-enhancing foods.
Barbel (zoology) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbel_(anatomy). Cited in: Koi biology, Koi anatomy.
Biofilter (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilter. Cited in: Koi pond equipment, Bead filters, Biological filter media, Pond filtration explained, Moving bed filters, Nitrate, The nitrogen cycle.
Bog garden (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog_garden. Cited in: Bog filters and plant filtration.
Butterfly koi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly_koi. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Feeding koi, Fin rot, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows, How koi are judged, Butterfly koi, Koi variety comparison table.
Carotenoid (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotenoid. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Color-enhancing foods, Autumn care.
Children's Day (Japan) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children's_Day_(Japan). Cited in: Koinobori and Children's Day.
Chromatophore (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatophore. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics.
Cladophora (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladophora. Cited in: Green water, algae and blanketweed.
Columnaris (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columnaris. Cited in: Columnaris, Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, Fin rot, Gill problems, Signs of illness, Treatments overview.
Common carp (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_carp. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi biology, Koi anatomy, Taxonomy: Cyprinus rubrofuscus or Cyprinus carpio?, Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Koi vs goldfish, Koi as an invasive species, Predators of koi, Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes, Koi variety comparison table, Ghost koi.
Constructed wetland (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructed_wetland. Cited in: Bog filters and plant filtration, Moving bed filters.
Crucian carp (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucian_carp. Cited in: Koi vs goldfish.
Cyprinid herpesvirus 1 (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprinid_herpesvirus_1. Cited in: Carp pox (CyHV-1).
Cyprinidae (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprinidae. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Koi vs goldfish, Koi as an invasive species.
Cyprinus rubrofuscus (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprinus_rubrofuscus. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi biology, Taxonomy: Cyprinus rubrofuscus or Cyprinus carpio?, Koi vs common carp and wild carp.
Cyprinus rubrofuscus (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amur_carp. Cited in: Taxonomy: Cyprinus rubrofuscus or Cyprinus carpio?, Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp.
Dactylogyrus (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dactylogyrus. Cited in: Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Parasites of koi, Treatments overview.
Dragon Gate (mythology) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longmen_(mythology). Cited in: Koi in culture and symbolism.
Edema (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropsy. Cited in: Dropsy.
Edo period (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edo_period. Cited in: Koi in art and tattoos.
EPDM rubber (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPDM_rubber. Cited in: Pond liners.
Eurasian otter (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_otter. Cited in: Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes.
Fin rot (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fin_rot. Cited in: Fin rot.
Fish anatomy (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_anatomy. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Swim bladder disorders.
Fish diseases and parasites (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_disease_and_parasites. Cited in: Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Gill problems, Parasites of koi.
Fish farming (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farming. Cited in: Saprolegnia (fungus), Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor.
Fish intelligence (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_intelligence. Cited in: Behavior, senses and intelligence.
Fish kill (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_kill. Cited in: Spawning, Parasites of koi, Autumn care, Green water, algae and blanketweed, Dissolved oxygen.
Fish scale (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_scale. Cited in: Scales and skin.
Fishkeeping (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishkeeping. Cited in: The koi industry and exports, Spawning, Aeration and air pumps, Biological filter media, Bog filters and plant filtration, Pond filtration explained, Koi shows in Asia, Chlorine and chloramine, The nitrogen cycle.
Goldfish (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldfish. Cited in: Spawning, Koi vs goldfish.
Great blue heron (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_blue_heron. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Herons.
Grey heron (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_heron. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Predators of koi, Herons.
Hanako (fish) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanako_(fish). Cited in: Hanako, the famous old koi, Lifespan and aging.
Heat exchanger (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_exchanger. Cited in: Heaters and heat exchangers.
Hokusai (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsushika_Hokusai. Cited in: Koi in art and tattoos.
Hypoxia (environmental) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoxia_(environmental). Cited in: Summer care, Winter care, Dissolved oxygen.
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthyophthirius_multifiliis. Cited in: Diagnosis: scrapes, microscopes and fish vets, White spot (Ich).
Invasive species in Australia (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive_species_in_Australia. Cited in: Koi as an invasive species.
Irezumi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irezumi. Cited in: Koi in art and tattoos.
Japanese garden (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_garden. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor.
Koi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koi. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi biology, Behavior, senses and intelligence, Color and pigment genetics, Hanako, the famous old koi, Lifespan and aging, Taxonomy: Cyprinus rubrofuscus or Cyprinus carpio?, Koi breeding, Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Japanese, domestic, Israeli and Chinese koi, Common questions about koi, Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Koi vs goldfish, Koinobori and Children's Day, Koi in culture and symbolism, Feeding koi, Feeding by water temperature, Koi food types, Spring viremia of carp (SVC), History of koi, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, How koi spread worldwide, Koi as an invasive species, Koi ponds, Predators of koi, Autumn care, Spring care, Winter care, Koi varieties, Ai Goromo, Asagi, Butterfly koi, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Hikari-mujimono, Kohaku, Kumonryu, Showa Sanshoku, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke), Yamabuki Ogon, Temperature.
Koi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_koi. Cited in: Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Feeding by water temperature, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Butterfly koi, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Ghost koi.
Koi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utsurimono. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Scales and skin, Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Feeding by water temperature, History of koi, Koi as an invasive species, Bekko, Koi variety comparison table, Hi Utsuri, Hikari-utsurimono, Kawarimono, Ki Utsuri, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Koromo, Ochiba Shigure, Shiro Utsuri, Shusui, Utsurimono.
Koi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shusui. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Feeding by water temperature, History of koi, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Autumn care, Koi variety comparison table, Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Shusui.
Koi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nishikigoi. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi anatomy, Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), How much do koi cost?, Common questions about koi, Koinobori and Children's Day, Feeding koi, Feeding by water temperature, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Koi as an invasive species, Koi ponds, Pond construction methods, Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes, Autumn care, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Kinginrin (Ginrin).
Koi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goshiki. Cited in: Color and pigment genetics, Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Feeding by water temperature, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Ai Goromo, Koromo.
Koi herpesvirus (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koi_herpesvirus. Cited in: Koi herpesvirus (KHV).
Koi pond (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koi_pond. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Koi pond equipment, Aeration and air pumps, Bead filters, Biological filter media, Bog filters and plant filtration, Bottom drains, Drum filters, Pond filtration explained, Moving bed filters, Pumps, Skimmers, UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Vortex, sieve and settlement chambers, Koi ponds, Pond construction methods, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Pond plumbing: gravity-fed and pump-fed systems, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, The nitrogen cycle.
Koinobori (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koinobori. Cited in: Koinobori and Children's Day, Koi in culture and symbolism.
Kōhaku (fish) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohaku_(fish). Cited in: Bloodlines and parent koi (oyagoi), Benigoi and Aka Muji, Koi variety comparison table, Kohaku.
Lateral line (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_line. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Behavior, senses and intelligence.
Leech (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leech. Cited in: Parasites of koi.
Lernaea (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lernaea. Cited in: Anchor worm (Lernaea), Treatments overview.
Malachite green (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malachite_green. Cited in: Saprolegnia (fungus).
Methylene blue (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylene_blue. Cited in: Nitrite.
Monochloramine (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloramine. Cited in: Chlorine and chloramine.
Moving-bed biofilm reactor (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_bed_biofilm_reactor. Cited in: Moving bed filters.
Names of Germany (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doitsu. Cited in: Doitsugoi (Doitsu koi), Shusui.
Nelumbo nucifera (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelumbo_nucifera. Cited in: Plants for koi ponds.
Niigata Prefecture (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture. Cited in: The 2004 Chuetsu earthquake and the koi industry, Koi shows in Japan.
Nitrate (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate. Cited in: Nitrate.
Nitrification (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrification. Cited in: Ammonia, Nitrate.
Nitrite (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrite. Cited in: Nitrite.
Nitrogen cycle (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_cycle. Cited in: Nitrate, The nitrogen cycle.
North American river otter (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_river_otter. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Predators of koi, Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes, Seasonal koi care.
Notifiable disease (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notifiable_disease. Cited in: Koi laws and regulations, Notifiable koi diseases.
Nymphaea (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea. Cited in: Plants for koi ponds.
Ojiya, Niigata (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ojiya,_Niigata. Cited in: Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata, Niigata Nishikigoi Show.
Oxygen saturation (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolved_oxygen. Cited in: Dissolved oxygen.
Pain in fish (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_in_fish. Cited in: Sunburn, tumors and injuries.
PH (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH. Cited in: pH.
Pharyngeal teeth (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngeal_teeth. Cited in: Koi anatomy.
Pond liner (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pond_liner. Cited in: Pond construction methods, Pond liners.
Pontederia crassipes (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eichhornia_crassipes. Cited in: Koi as an invasive species, Plants for koi ponds.
Potassium permanganate (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_permanganate. Cited in: White spot (Ich), Treatments overview, Trichodina.
Praziquantel (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praziquantel. Cited in: Flukes (Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus), Treatments overview.
Protein skimmer (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_skimmer. Cited in: Aeration and air pumps, Pumps, Skimmers.
Quarantine (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarantine. Cited in: Quarantine.
Raccoon (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccoon. Cited in: Predators of koi, Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes, Seasonal koi care.
Red fox (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_fox. Cited in: Koi as an invasive species, Mammals: raccoons, otters, mink, cats and foxes.
Salt (chemistry) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(chemistry). Cited in: Nitrite.
Saprolegnia (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saprolegnia. Cited in: Saprolegnia (fungus).
Selective breeding (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_breeding. Cited in: Growth and size, Koi breeding, Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu).
Sexual dimorphism (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism. Cited in: Growth and size, Male or female? Sexing koi.
Showa (fish) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Showa_(fish). Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Showa Sanshoku.
Sodium bicarbonate (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate. Cited in: KH (alkalinity) and baking soda.
Spawning (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spawning. Cited in: Male or female? Sexing koi, Spawning.
Spirulina (dietary supplement) (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirulina_(dietary_supplement). Cited in: Color-enhancing foods.
Spring viraemia of carp (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_viraemia_of_carp. Cited in: Carp edema virus (koi sleepy disease), Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Spring care.
Submersible pump (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible_pump. Cited in: Pumps.
Sunburn (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunburn. Cited in: Sunburn, tumors and injuries.
Swim bladder (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swim_bladder. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Sunburn, tumors and injuries, Swim bladder disorders.
Swim bladder disease (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swim_bladder_disease. Cited in: Swim bladder disorders.
Thermocline (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermocline. Cited in: Seasonal koi care, Summer care.
Trichodina (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichodina. Cited in: Trichodina.
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_germicidal_irradiation. Cited in: UV clarifiers and sterilizers, Sunburn, tumors and injuries.
Utagawa Kuniyoshi (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utagawa_Kuniyoshi. Cited in: Koi in art and tattoos.
Venturi effect (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi_effect. Cited in: Pumps.
Water chlorination (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chlorination. Cited in: Chlorine and chloramine.
Water garden (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_garden. Cited in: Koi ponds, Pond design: size, depth and volume, Plants for koi ponds, Pond types: formal, natural, raised and indoor, Ghost koi, Green water, algae and blanketweed.
Weberian apparatus (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weberian_apparatus. Cited in: Koi anatomy, Swim bladder disorders.
Yamakoshi, Niigata (Wikipedia). en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamakoshi,_Niigata. Cited in: The 2004 Chuetsu earthquake and the koi industry, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata.

Wikipedia (Japanese)

こいのぼり (Wikipedia). ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/鯉のぼり. Cited in: Koinobori and Children's Day.
ニシキゴイ (Wikipedia). ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/錦鯉. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Koi breeding, Mud ponds (Niigata field ponds), Common questions about koi, History of koi, Kohaku.
大正三色 (Wikipedia). ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/大正三色. Cited in: Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
小千谷市 (Wikipedia). ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/小千谷市. Cited in: Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata.
山古志村 (Wikipedia). ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/山古志村. Cited in: The 2004 Chuetsu earthquake and the koi industry, Nijumurago: Ojiya and Yamakoshi, Niigata.
昭和三色 (Wikipedia). ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/昭和三色. Cited in: Showa Sanshoku.
登龍門 (Wikipedia). ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/登竜門. Cited in: Koi in culture and symbolism.

World Organisation for Animal Health

Carp edema virus disease card (WOAH, 2022). woah.org/app/uploads/2023/03/a-woah-cev-disease-card-nov-2022.pdf. Cited in: Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Carp edema virus (koi sleepy disease), Gill problems.
Koi herpesvirus disease - WOAH - World Organisation for Animal Health. woah.org/en/disease/koi-herpesvirus-disease/. Cited in: Koi herpesvirus (KHV), Koi laws and regulations, Notifiable koi diseases.
Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals, ch. 2.3.6 Koi herpesvirus disease (WOAH). woah.org/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/aahm/current/2.3.06_KH…. Cited in: Carp pox (CyHV-1), Gill problems, Koi herpesvirus (KHV), Quarantine, Signs of illness, Importing and exporting koi, Notifiable koi diseases, Ghost koi.
Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals, ch. 2.3.9 Spring viraemia of carp (WOAH). woah.org/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/aahm/current/2.3.09_SV…. Cited in: Koi vs common carp and wild carp, Fish lice (Argulus), Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Swim bladder disorders, Ghost koi.
Spring viraemia of carp - WOAH - World Organisation for Animal Health. woah.org/en/disease/spring-viraemia-of-carp/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Spring viremia of carp (SVC), Notifiable koi diseases.

ysbkks.uk

The Great British Koi Show – The Great British Koi Club. ysbkks.uk/event/the-great-british-koi-show/. Cited in: Great British Koi Show, Koi shows in the UK.

yumpu.com

1st Asia Cup Koi Show press release, 29 April 2008. yumpu.com/en/document/view/47645378/1st-asia-cup-koi-show-inaugural…. Cited in: All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Koi shows, All Asia Cup Koi Show, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, Koi shows in Asia, Show classes and size categories, Koi shows in Europe.

Zen Nippon Airinkai

59th ZNA International Koi Show entry rules (ZNA). zna.jp/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/59th-zna-koishow.pdf. Cited in: Growth and size, Common questions about koi, Show classes and size categories, Koi shows in Japan, ZNA International Koi Show, Koi varieties, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table, Goshiki, Hikari-mujimono, Hikari-utsurimono, Kanoko, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Matsuba, Tancho.
ASAGI | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/asagi/. Cited in: Asagi, Kigoi, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Matsuba.
BEKKO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/bekko/. Cited in: Bekko, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
GOSHIKI | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/goshiki/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Goshiki.
HIKARI-MOYOMONO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/hikari-moyomono/. Cited in: Ai Goromo, Bekko, Koi variety comparison table, Hariwake, Hikari-moyomono, Hikari-mujimono, Kanoko, Kikusui, Kujaku, Platinum Ogon, Shusui, Yamato Nishiki.
HIKARI-MUJIMONO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/hikari-mujimono/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hikari-mujimono, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Platinum Ogon, Yamabuki Ogon.
HIKARI-UTSURIMONO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/hikari-utsurimono/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hi Utsuri, Hikari-utsurimono, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Ki Utsuri, Shiro Utsuri, Showa Sanshoku, Utsurimono.
History of Zen Nippon Airinkai | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/history-2/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, How koi spread worldwide, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), ZNA International Koi Show.
Judges | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/judge-2/. Cited in: US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), How koi are judged.
KAWARIMONO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/kawarimono/. Cited in: Koi varieties, Benigoi and Aka Muji, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Hi Utsuri, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Kanoko, Karashigoi, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Kigoi, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kumonryu, Matsuba, Matsukawabake, Ochiba Shigure, Shiro Utsuri, Soragoi, Utsurimono.
Keep Nishikigoi | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/keep-nishikigoi/. Cited in: Growth and size, Age terms: tosai, nisai, sansai and yonsai, Show classes and size categories.
KINGINRIN 1 | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/kinginrin-1/. Cited in: Scales and skin, Koi variety comparison table, Hikari-utsurimono, Kinginrin (Ginrin).
KINGINRIN 2 | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/kinginrin-2/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Tancho.
KOHAKU | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/kohaku/. Cited in: Fry rearing and culling (senbetsu), Benigoi and Aka Muji, Kohaku, Tancho.
KOROMO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/koromo/. Cited in: Ai Goromo, Koromo, Showa Sanshoku, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
MUJIMONO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/mujimono/. Cited in: Benigoi and Aka Muji, Chagoi, Koi variety comparison table, Karasugoi family, Kawarimono, Kigoi, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Matsuba, Mujimono, Soragoi.
NISHIKIGOI TERMINOLOGY 1 BODY | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/nishikigoi-terminology/nishikigoi-termino…. Cited in: Scales and skin, Koi grading and quality, Glossary of koi terms.
NISHIKIGOI TERMINOLOGY 2 HI and HI MARKINGS | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/nishikigoi-terminology/nishikigoi-termino…. Cited in: Glossary of koi terms, Hi Utsuri, Kohaku.
NISHIKIGOI TERMINOLOGY 3 SUMI | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/nishikigoi-terminology/nishikigoi-termino…. Cited in: Glossary of koi terms, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Karasugoi family, Showa Sanshoku, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
Show Calendar | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/show-calender/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), Koi shows, Koi show calendar, Koi shows in Europe, Koi shows in Japan, ZNA International Koi Show.
SHOWA SANSHOKU | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/showa-sanshoku/. Cited in: Showa Sanshoku, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
SHUSUI | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/shusui/. Cited in: Asagi, Midorigoi, Shusui.
Taisho Sanshoku | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/taisho-sanshoku/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Taisho Sanshoku (Sanke).
TANCHO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/tancho/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Tancho.
The 14th Asia Cup Koi Show | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/the-14th-asia-cup-koi-show-2/. Cited in: All Asia Cup Koi Show, Koi shows in Asia, Shiro Utsuri.
The 61st International Koi Show Major Award Koi List | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/the-61st-international-koi-show-major-award-koi-list/. Cited in: ZNA International Koi Show.
The 62nd International Koi Show Page | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/the-62nd-international-koi-show-page/. Cited in: Koi show calendar, Koi shows in Japan, ZNA International Koi Show.
UTSURI MONO | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/utsuri-mono/. Cited in: Koi variety comparison table, Hi Utsuri, Hikari-utsurimono, Kage Utsuri and Kage Showa, Ki Utsuri, Shiro Utsuri, Showa Sanshoku, Utsurimono.
Varieties of Nishikigoi | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/keep-nishikigoi/varieties-of-nishikigoi/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Show classes and size categories, Koi varieties, How koi varieties are classified, Koi variety comparison table.
What’s ZNA | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/about-en/. Cited in: koi.wiki: the nishikigoi encyclopedia, Common questions about koi, Koi clubs and associations, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows in Japan.
Works and Activities of the ZNA Divisions | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/division-2/. Cited in: How koi spread worldwide, All Japan Nishikigoi Promotion Association (JNPA), US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows.
Zen Nippon Airinkai Overseas Chapter / Friendship Club List | Zen Nippon Airinkai. zna.jp/en/zen-nippon-airinkai-overseas-chapter-friendship-club-list/. Cited in: Common questions about koi, Koi clubs and associations, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows in Asia, Koi shows in Europe, Koi shows in Japan, ZNA SoCal Koi Show.

Zen Nippon Airinkai America — znaamerica.com

2025 ZNA Taiwan District Koi Show. znaamerica.com/koi-events-shows/2025-zna-taiwan-district-koi-show. Cited in: Koi shows in Asia, Koi show calendar, Koi shows in the USA, ZNA International Koi Show.
About. znaamerica.com/about. Cited in: How koi spread worldwide, UK koi organizations: BKKS, the National Koi Show Association and Koi Judges UK, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, Koi shows in Asia, Koi shows in Europe, Koi shows in Japan, Koi shows in the USA, ZNA International Koi Show, ZNA SoCal Koi Show.

znasocal.org

About Us – Zen Nippon Arinkai Southern California. znasocal.org/about/. Cited in: Koi auctions, Common questions about koi, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Koi shows in the USA, ZNA SoCal Koi Show.
What is Zen Nippon Airinkai? – Zen Nippon Arinkai Southern California. znasocal.org/a-homepage-section/. Cited in: How koi spread worldwide, Koi clubs and associations, US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Zen Nippon Airinkai (ZNA), Koi shows, All Japan Combined Nishikigoi Show, Koi shows in Europe, Koi shows in Japan, How koi are judged, Koi shows in the USA, ZNA International Koi Show, ZNA SoCal Koi Show.
ZNA SoCal 50th Annual Koi Show & ZNA America Western District Show – Zen Nippon Arinkai Southern California. znasocal.org/annual-koi-show/. Cited in: ZNA SoCal Koi Show.
ZNA SoCal 50th Annual Koi Show exhibitor registration packet (2026). znasocal.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/2026-entrant-registration-1…. Cited in: US koi organizations: AKCA, AKJA and ZNA chapters, Koi show calendar, Show classes and size categories, Koi shows in Japan, How koi are judged, Koi shows in the USA, ZNA International Koi Show, ZNA SoCal Koi Show, Koi varieties, Ai Goromo, Bekko, How koi varieties are classified, Goshiki, Hariwake, Hikari-mujimono, Hikari-utsurimono, Ki Utsuri, Kikokuryu and Beni Kikokuryu, Kin Matsuba and Gin Matsuba, Kinginrin (Ginrin), Koromo, Kujaku, Matsuba, Shusui, Tancho, Utsurimono.